A tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wata babbar badakalar kuɗi ta girgiza Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka, wato CEAO, bayan da aka gano ɓatan kuɗi har CFA biliyan shida da rabi. Wannan almundahana ta faru ne a lokacin da aka bai wa ɗan ƙasar Mali, Mohamed Tiékoura Diawara, ajiyar kuɗaɗen don ya zuba su a hannun jari. Maimakon haka, sai kuɗaɗen suka bi iska, lamarin da ya jefa ƙungiyar da ma ƙasashen yammacin Afirka cikin wani hali na rashin tabbas da kuma bincike mai zurfi.
Badakalar, wadda ta shafi manyan jami’ai da shugabannin ƙasashe, ta mayar da hankali kan Mohamed Diawara a matsayin wanda ke kan gaba wajen bacewar maƙudan kuɗaɗen. Shari’ar da ta biyo baya ta ɗauki shekaru masu yawa ana yi, inda aka riƙa kai ruwa rana tsakanin ƙasashen da abin ya shafa domin gano inda kuɗin suka shiga da kuma hukunta waɗanda ke da alhaki.
Tarihin Mohamed Diawara
An haifi Mohamed Diawara a ranar 23 ga watan Mayun shekarar 1928 a garin Dori da ke ƙasar Burkina Faso a yanzu. Ya fara karatunsa na sakandare a makarantar Lycée Faidherbe da ke birnin Saint-Louis a ƙasar Senegal, wanda a wancan lokacin cibiya ce ta ilimi mai matuƙar tasiri a yankin yammacin Afirka. Bayan kammala karatunsa a nan, ya tafi ƙasar Faransa domin ci gaba da karatunsa na gaba da sakandare, inda ya zurfafa iliminsa a fannoni daban-daban.
Kafin aukuwar badakalar, Mohamed Diawara ya riƙe muƙamin Ministan Tsare-tsare na ƙasar Côte d'Ivoire daga shekarar 1968 zuwa 1977, a ƙarƙashin mulkin shugaba Félix Houphouët-Boigny. A wannan matsayi, ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara manufofin tattalin arzikin ƙasar. Bayan ya bar aikin gwamnati, ya kafa ƙungiyar nan ta Club de Dakar, wata cibiyar nazari da ta tattaro masana da jami’ai daga sassan duniya domin tattaunawa kan ci gaban Afirka.
Ɓoye Kuɗin CEAO
A farkon shekarun 1980, Mohamed Diawara ya nemi agajin kuɗi daga Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Yammacin Afirka, wato CEAO. Ƙungiyar, wadda a wancan lokacin take da asusun ajiyar gaggawa da ake kira Fosidec, ta amince da buƙatarsa. Diawara ya gabatar da wata shawara ga shugabannin ƙungiyar, inda ya ba su shawarar cewa a fitar da wasu daga cikin kuɗaɗen ƙungiyar zuwa ƙasashen waje domin a samu riba mai tsoka. An yi zargin cewa an sanya kuɗaɗen ne a wasu bankunan ƙasar Switzerland, bisa tunanin za su samu riba mai yawa fiye da yadda ake samu a bankunan yankin.
Bayan amincewa da shawararsa, Diawara ya karɓi amanar kuɗi har CFA biliyan shida da rabi, waɗanda daga bisani ya miƙa su ga wani dillali. Lamarin ya ɗauki wani sabon salo a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, lokacin da ƙungiyar ta CEAO ta buƙaci a dawo da kuɗaɗenta gida. A wannan lokaci ne aka gano cewa maƙudan kuɗaɗen sun yi ɓatan dabo. Da aka matsa masa, Mohamed Diawara ya kasa bayar da wani sahihin bayani ko kuma wata hujja da za ta nuna inda kuɗin suka shiga ko kuma yadda aka kashe su. Wannan rashin gamsasshen bayani shi ne ya janyo ce-ce-ku-ce da kuma ƙaddamar da bincike mai zurfi kan inda aka boye kuɗaɗen.
Bisa Ga Shari'a a Hannun Sankara
Bayan da badakalar ta fito fili, an ɗauki matakin gaggawa a taron ƙolin ƙungiyar ta CEAO da aka gudanar a birnin Bamako na ƙasar Mali. A ranar 28 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1984, aka damƙe Mohamed Diawara a yayin da ake tsaka da taron. A wannan lokaci, shugaba Thomas Sankara ne ke jagorantar ƙasar Burkina Faso, kuma gwamnatinsa ta himmatu wajen yaƙi da cin hanci da rashawa. Tare da Diawara, an kuma kama wasu manyan jami'an ƙungiyar, ciki har da Sakatare-Janar na CEAO, Moussa Ngom, wanda ɗan ƙasar Senegal ne.
Haka zalika, an kama Moussa Diakité, ɗan ƙasar Mali wanda shi ne Daraktan asusun Fosidec, asusun da aka fitar da kuɗaɗen daga cikinsa. Bayan kama su, an miƙa mutanen uku zuwa birnin Ouagadougou na ƙasar Burkina Faso domin su fuskanci shari'a. An ci gaba da tsare su har zuwa lokacin da aka gurfanar da su a gaban kotun da aka kafa a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin juyin juya hali.
A watan Afrilun shekarar 1986 ne Kotun Juyin Juya Hali ta Jama'a, wato Tribunaux populaires de la Révolution (TPR), ta yanke wa Mohamed Diawara hukuncin ɗaurin shekara 15 a gidan yari. Ban da hukuncin ɗaurin, kotun ta kuma ba da umarnin a ƙwace dukkan kadarorinsa domin a biya bashin kuɗaɗen da suka ɓata. Wannan hukunci ya zama wani muhimmin mataki a yunƙurin dawo da martabar ƙungiyar ta CEAO.
Bayan Fage da Gudun Hijira
Badakalar ta yi mummunan tasiri ga ƙungiyar CEAO, inda ta durƙusar da ita ta fuskar tattalin arziki da kuma mutunci, lamarin da ya kai ga rusa ta a shekarar 1994. An maye gurbinta da sabuwar ƙungiya mai suna UEMOA, wato Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki da Kuɗi ta Yammacin Afirka. A farkon shekarun 1990, an saki Mohamed Diawara daga gidan yari.
Bayan fitowarsa, ya koma ƙasar Côte d'Ivoire inda ya ci gaba da zama. A can, ya riƙa ba da shawarwari a ɓoye ga shugabannin ƙasar, ciki har da shugaba Henri Konan Bédié da kuma shugaba Laurent Gbagbo. Aikin nasa na ba da shawara kan dabarun tafiyar da mulki ya ci gaba har zuwa rasuwarsa. Mohamed Diawara ya rasu ne a birnin Abidjan a shekarar 2004.