An gudanar da jana'izar Janar Sadio Camara, tsohon karamin ministan ƙasar Mali kuma ministan tsaro da harkokin tsoffin sojoji, a birnin Bamako ranar Alhamis 30 ga watan Afrilu. Janar Camara ya rasu ne a ranar 25 ga watan Afrilu shekarar 2026 yayin wani harin da aka kai masa a gidansa wanda ake zargin ƙungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda ne suka kitsa shi, inda aka tayar da bom a cikin mota ranar Asabar.
Domin nuna alhini da juyayi ga hukumomin Mali, wata muhimmiyar tawaga daga Nijar wadda ta ƙunshi mambobin majalisar mulkin soja ta CNSP da gwamnati ta halarci jana'izar. Tawagar, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Janar na rundunar ƙasa Salifou Mody, wanda shi ne karamin minista kuma ministan tsaron ƙasa, ta ƙunshi wasu manyan jami'ai. Daga cikinsu akwai Ambasada Bakary Yaou Sangaré, ministan harkokin waje, da Dr. Soumana Boubacar, minista kuma daraktan fadar shugaban ƙasa, da Kanar-Manjo Abdoul Kadri Amadou Daouda, ministan tsara birane da gidaje, da kuma Birgediya Janar Ibro Amadou Bacharou, shugaban ma’aikatan fadar shugaban ƙasa.
Wata tawagar haɗin gwiwa ta ƙasashen Nijar da Burkina Faso, wadda ministan tsaron Burkina Faso Janar Célestin Simporé ya jagoranta, ita ma ta iso domin isar da saƙon ta'aziyya ga al'ummar Mali daga manyan hukumomin ƙasashen biyu.
Tattalin Gaskiya da Hadin Kai
Wannan halartar taron na daga cikin ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa haɗin kai da 'yan'uwantaka da kuma zurfafa alaƙar aiki tare tsakanin ƙasashen membobin ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Ƙasashen Sahel, wato AES. Hukumomin Nijar da Burkina Faso sun jaddada cewa wannan matakin wata alama ce ta ƙudurin ƙasashensu na tsayawa tsayin daka tare da Mali a wannan lokaci na alhini da jarrabawa. Manufar ita ce a tabbatar da cewa ƙungiyar ta AES ba kawai ta tsaya a matsayin kawancen soja ba, amma har ma a matsayin iyali guda da ke raba farin ciki da baƙin ciki tare, musamman wajen fuskantar barazanar da ke addabar yankin baki ɗaya.
Tawagogin da suka isa birnin Bamako sun miƙa gaisuwar ban girma tare da addu'o'in rahama ga mamacin, Janar Sadio Camara. An yaba wa ƙoƙarinsa da sadaukarwar da ya yi wajen kare martabar ƙasar Mali da iyakokinta, da ma yankin Sahel baki ɗaya. An bayyana shi a matsayin gwarzon da ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa domin tabbatar da tsaro da zaman lafiya, kuma an yi la’akari da cewa rasuwarsa babban rashi ne ba ga Mali kaɗai ba, har ma ga dukkan ƙasashen da ke fama da matsalar ta’addanci a yankin. Jami'an sun bayyana cewa za a ci gaba da tunawa da shi a matsayin wanda ya yi gwagwarmaya har numshinsa na ƙarshe.
A nasa jawabin, Birgediya Janar Célestin Compaoré ya sake jaddada aniyar ƙasashen ƙungiyar AES na ci gaba da yaƙi da ta’addanci da ma fi ƙarfin da suke yi a da. Ya ce wannan harin ba zai karya musu gwiwa ba, a maimakon haka, zai ƙara musu azama ne wajen haɗa kai domin murƙushe dukkan ƙungiyoyin masu tayar da ƙayar baya. Ya ƙara da cewa za su yi amfani da dukkan dabarun da suka dace domin ganin an kawo ƙarshen wannan barazana da ta daɗe tana ci wa yankin tuwo a ƙwarya.
Daga na shi ɓangaren, Shugaban ƙasar Mali, Kanar Assimi Goïta, ya nuna matuƙar godiyarsa ga takwarorinsa na Nijar da Burkina Faso saboda wannan karimcin da suka nuna na haɗin kai. Ya ce wannan alama ce ta gaskiya da ke nuna irin zurfin alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙasashen uku. Ya tabbatar da cewa al'ummar Mali sun ji daɗin wannan goyon baya, wanda ya ce zai ƙara ƙarfafa gwiwarsu wajen fuskantar ƙalubalen da ke gabansu tare da abokan hulɗarsu na yankin.
Tarihin Janar Camara da Alakar Rasha
Janar Sadio Camara, wanda aka haifa a shekarar 1979 a garin Kati, ya yi fice a matsayin jigo a gwamnatocin soji biyu da suka biyo bayan juyin mulki a ƙasar Mali. Garin Kati, wanda ke kusa da babban birnin ƙasar, Bamako, sananne ne a matsayin gari mai sansanin sojoji. Camara ya riƙe muƙamin ministan tsaro a ƙarƙashin dukkan gwamnatocin, inda ya zama fuskar da aka sani sosai a fagen siyasar ƙasar. Harin da ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwarsa an bayyana shi a matsayin mafi girma da aka kai a ƙasar cikin fiye da shekaru goma, wanda ke nuni da tsananin barazanar tsaro da ake fuskanta.
Sunan Janar Camara ya fara bayyana ga al'ummar Mali a watan Agustan shekarar 2020, lokacin da ya fito a gidan talabijin na ƙasa cikin jerin hafsoshin da suka kifar da gwamnatin Shugaba Ibrahim Boubacar Keita. Hafsoshin sun zargi gwamnatin Keita da dogaro da Faransa da kuma gazawa wajen daƙile hare-haren 'yan bindiga da suka addabi ƙasar. Wannan mataki ya zama tushen sauyin alkiblar siyasa da tsaro a Mali, inda aka fara neman sabbin hanyoyin magance matsalolin da suka dabaibaye ƙasar.
Bayan kafa gwamnatin soji, an ɗauki Janar Camara a matsayin babban wanda ya tsara haɗin gwiwar tsaro tsakanin gwamnatin Mali da ƙasar Rasha. Wannan sabuwar alaƙa ta kai ga kawo ƙarshen dogaro da ƙasashen yamma, musamman Faransa, a fagen yaƙi da ta'addanci. Sakamakon wannan sabuwar dangantaka, an ga yadda sojojin haya na Rasha, waɗanda aka fi sani da Africa Corps, suka fara aiki a Mali, suna ba da horo da tallafin yaƙi ga sojojin ƙasar.
Sai dai kuma, a cikin yanayin da ake ci gaba da fafatawa, an fuskanci wasu ƙalubale. A wani lamari da ya faru kwanaki biyu kafin sojojin Africa Corps su janye daga wani yanki, 'yan awaren arewacin ƙasar sun sanar da cewa sun ƙwace iko da muhimmin birnin Kidal. Wannan ya nuna irin sarkakiyar da ke tattare da lamarin tsaro a yankin, duk da sabbin dabarun da aka bullo da su domin tunkarar matsalar. Mutuwar Janar Camara na zuwa ne a daidai lokacin da ake cikin wannan yanayi na gwagwarmaya da neman mafita mai dorewa kan tsaro a Mali da ma yankin Sahel baki ɗaya.
Ra'ayoyin Masana Kan Gwamnatocin Sahel
A cewar Ulf Laessing, wanda shi ne shugaban shirin yankin Sahel a gidauniyar Konrad Adenauer Foundation, hawan karagar mulki da gwamnatocin soji suka yi a yankin ya kawo sauyi sosai a fagen diflomasiyya da tsaro. Ya bayyana cewa, "Gwamnatocin soji a yammacin Afirka, waɗanda suka ƙaurace wa ƙawayensu na yammacin duniya kamar Faransa da Amurka, sun rungumi ƙasar Rasha a matsayin sabuwar abokiyar kawancensu." Wannan juyin mulkin siyasa ya sa gwamnatocin irin su na Mali suka kori sojojin Faransa da kuma dakarun kiyaye zaman lafiya na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya daga ƙasashensu. Hakan ya buɗe wani sabon babi na hadin gwiwa wanda ya fi karkata ga Moscow, a wani yunƙuri na neman dabarun da suka sha bamban da waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a baya domin tunkarar matsalolin tsaro da ke addabar yankin.
Rida Lyammouri, babban jami'i a cibiyar nazari ta Policy Center for the New South, ya yi tsokaci kan yanayin da ake ciki a arewacin Mali, inda ya ce, "Yanayin tsaro a yankin ya ci gaba da tabarbarewa tun bayan da sojojin haya na Rasha suka janye daga birnin Kidal." Ya ce wannan janyewar ta haifar da wani gibi na tsaro wanda ya bai wa ƙungiyoyin 'yan awaren arewacin ƙasar damar sake karfafa matsayinsu. A cewar rahotanni, rundunar Africa Corps, wacce ta maye gurbin ƙungiyar Wagner a matsayin babban karfin sojan Rasha a Afirka, ita ce ta tabbatar da janyewar dakarunta daga wannan muhimmin birni. Wannan matakin ya nuna irin sarkakiyar da ke tattare da lamarin tsaro a Mali, inda ficewar wata runduna ke iya haifar da wasu sabbin kalubale ga hukumomin ƙasar.
Rundunar Africa Corps, wacce ake hasashen tana da dakaru kimanin dubu biyu a cikin ƙasar Mali, tana aiki ne kai tsaye ƙarƙashin ma'aikatar tsaron ƙasar Rasha da ke birnin Moscow. Wannan tsari ya bambanta da na ƙungiyar Wagner da ta gabace ta, wadda ake ganin tana da 'yancin cin gashin kanta. Kafa rundunar Africa Corps a hukumance ya nuna yadda Moscow ke ƙara ƙaimi wajen faɗaɗa tasirinta a nahiyar Afirka ta hanyar kulla alaƙar tsaro kai tsaye da gwamnatoci. Ana kallon wannan sabuwar runduna a matsayin wata hanya da Rasha ke bi domin tabbatar da muradunta na siyasa da na soja a yankin Sahel, tare da ba da tallafin kayan aiki da horo ga sojojin ƙasashen da ta kulla kawance da su.